MURDER, POLITICS, AND THE END OF THE JAZZ AGE
by Michael Wolraich
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MURDER, POLITICS, AND THE END OF THE JAZZ AGE by Michael Wolraich Order today at Barnes & Noble / Amazon / Books-A-Million / Bookshop |
7:
Ground operations in Afghanistan begin. Afghan SMU-TF
deploys(officially).
Nov 2001:
15:
Memo for John Bellinger from John C. Yoo and Robert J.
Delahunt Re: Authority of the President to Suspend Certain Provisions of the
ARM Treaty
(Pg 47 - Yoo Army Torture Memo)
Dec 2001:
[??]:
DoD Council (Haynes) requests information from JPRA about
detainee "exploitation"
(pg.3/4 - SASC Report)
14:
Memo for Alberto R. Gonzales from Jay S. Bybee Re: Authority
of the President to Denounce the ABMTreaty
(Pg 47 - Yoo Army Torture Memo)
15:
Mohammed al Khatani captured in Pakistan.
(pg.57 - SASC Report)
17:
JPRA (Baumgartner) sends DoD GC (Shiffrin) memo on "exploitation
process" offers JPRA on "exploitation and how to resist".
(pg.6 - SASC Report)
26:
Mohammed al Khatani turned over to US Forces.
(pg.58 - SASC Report)
[late]:
SERE psychologists Mitchell and Jessen review information
on Al Qaeda resistance training.
(pg.6 - SASC Report)
Jan 2002:
9:
DoJ Attorneys write memorandum to DoD General Counsel
William "Jim" Haynes II, advising Geneva did not apply in Afghanistan.
(pg.1 - SASC Report)
18:
Alberto Gonzalez advises President Bush of DoJ opinion
regarding Geneva.
(pg.1 - SASC Report)
19:
Donald Rumsfeld instructed Joint Chiefs Chairman(Myers),
to inform Combatant Commanders al Qaeda/Taliban "not entitled to prisoner
of war status" under the Geneva Conventions.
(pg.2 - SASC Report)
21:
Order goes out to field commanders the Geneva doesn't apply
(pg.2 - SASC Report)
[??]:
Powell asks Bush to reconsider Geneva policy
(pg.2 - SASC Report)
25:
Gonzolez writes "Geneva Quaint" memo.
(pg.2 - SASC Report)
Feb 2002:
2:
State department memo indicating opinion CIA bound by
military restrictions; but CIA argues Convention is policy and can be circumscribed
in relation to CIA.
(pg.3 - SASC Report)
7:
Bush signs memorandum setting aside Geneva protections
for Armed Forces.
(pg.2 - SASC Report)
The President's order was not followed by guidance that defined the terms "humanely"
or "military necessity."; those in the field left to interpret order.
(pg.3 - SASC Report)
12:
Mitchell and Jessen submit Al Qaeda resistance / countermeasures
paper to Moulton.
(pg.7 - SASC Report)
13:
Mohammed al Khatani transferred to GTMO. Questioned
by JTF·170, CITF and FBI personnel at Camp X-Ray.
(pg.58 - SASC Report)
14:
Moulton forwards Mitchell/Jessen plan to JFCOM. Cover
email recommends training mission to GTMO, and mentions [REDACTED-JSOC?] command
also requesting techniques.
(pg.7 - SASC Report)
20:
Email from Pema to Jessen etc. describing JPRA two week
crash course at DIA request for [REDACTED] personnel going to SOUTHCOM [??]
{Doesn't seem to be discussing Mar 2002 training?}
(pg.8 - SASC Report)
28:
JPRA (Jessen) provides GTMO (Col. Cooney) "Prisoner
Handling Recommendations".
(pg.11 - SASC Report)
March 2002:
8:
First acknowledged training of Armed Services by JPRA
in response to DIA request for unit heading to SOUTHCOM.
(pg.8-10 - SASC Report)
12:
Jessen reports to Moulton on training program.
(pg.10 - SASC Report)
18:
Jessen pitches idea for a formalized exploitation training
program.
(pg.10 - SASC Report)
22:
Harrington makes recommendations for GTMO that seem to
protest some JPRA mandated handling procedures.
(pg.12 -14- SASC Report)
28:
Abu Zubaydah captured by CIA in Pakistan.
(pg.16- SASC Report)
[SPRING 2002]
CIA sought policy approval from the National Security
Council to begin an interrogation program for high-level alQaida terrorists
(Rice testimony)
(pg.16- SASC Report)
April 2002:
16:
Jessen circulates draft exploitation plan to JPRA and
DoD.
(pg.14-16 - SASC Report)
May 2002:
17:
JPRA Maj Steven Kleinman, releases report "Support
to DoD Interrogation Operations" detailing interrogation problems at GTMO
(pg.171 - SASC Report)
[??]:
CJTF-180 Takes over in Afghanistan.
Jun 2002:
[early]:
FBI refuses to continue participating in Abu Zubaydah
interrogation, leaves GTMO.
(pg.19 - SASC Report)
[??]:
BSCT team deploys to GTMO
(pg.38 - SASC Report)
[??]
SOUTHCOM (Speer) requests Joint Chiefs review of GTMO
intelligence, initiates Custer review.
17:
[REDACTED (JSOC?)] command requests JPRA training prepare
officers for rotations in Afghanistan and elsewhere.
(pg.20 - SASC Report)
20:
John Prior writes memo about [REDACTED (JSOC?)] request
to JPRA and DoD (Prior doesn't remember it).
(pg.21 - SASC Report)
27:
SecDef approval for JPRA training of [REDACTED (JSOC?)].
(pg.21 - SASC Report)
Jul 2002:
[1-2]:
JPRA Training of [REDACTED] at [REDACTED]. Trained in
waterboarding and other SERE techniques.
(pg.21 - SASC Report)
13:
CIA OGC provides overview of Abu Zubaydah interrogation
plan to NSC Legal Adviser, Dep. Ass. AG from OLC, DoJ criminal div head, Council
to President in meeting.
(pg.3 - SSCI OLC Opinion Report)
15:
BSCT (Bourney) Team requests modified JPRA training USASOC/SERE
Psychologist Louie "Morgan" Banks works out plan.
(pg.40 - SASC Report)
16:
JPRA Joseph Witsch issues memo describing Jul. 1-2 training
for [RED - JSOC?]. Indicates use of harsh interrogation by these forces (Afghanistan)
is approved by CIA, for harsher techniques (specifically waterboard) DoJ approval
required.
(pg.21-23 - SASC Report)
17:
DCI Meets with National Security adviser, CIA Authorized
to proceed with Abu Zubaydah interrogation, needed legality determination by
OLC.
(pg.3 - SSCI OLC Opinion Report)
[??]:
Jessen provides training to "OGA"
(pg.23 - SASC Report)
[??]:
Jessen, Mitchell & others leave JPRA and start contracting
company.
(pg.24 - SASC Report)
22:
Memo from Yoo to Alberto R. Gonzales regarding the applicability
of the Convention Against Torture.
(Pg 47 - Yoo Army Torture Memo)
[24?]:
Shiffrin requests information on exploitation techniques
from JPRA at behest of Haynes
(pg.24 - SASC Report)
24:
JPRA psychologist Ogrisseg writes report on long-term
effects of SERE techniques.
(pg.29 - SASC Report)
OLC Verbally informs CIA that AG has determined certain
techniques permissible.
(pg.4 - SSCI OLC Opinion Report)
25:
JPRA responds to Shiffrin Jul. 24, 2002 request with sample
lesson plans already in use.
(pg.25-26 - SASC Report)
26:
JPRA sends second exploitation memo in response to questions
Haynes' office at DoD.
(pg.26-31 - SASC Report)
Another command; [REDACTED] also requested copy of JPRA
report to Haynes.
(pg.31 - SASC Report)
OLC Verbally informs CIA that AG has determined all techniques
permissible.
(pg.4 - SSCI OLC Opinion Report)
27:
FBI Start involvement in Mohammed al Khatani questioning.
(pg.58 - SASC Report)
Aug 2002:
1:
Bybee Memos I & II Covering DoD(I) and CIA(II) released.
(pg.36-37 - SASC Report)
12:
[REDACTED - JSOC?] commanders request additional JPRA
training support.
(pg.36-37 - SASC Report)
JPRA discusses creating a CONOP for [REDACTED - JSOC?]
(Operating instructions in DoD directive 1300.7 used in SERE school training).;
creates "Project 22b" to protect information associated with [whoever
REDACTED is] specifically in case of congressional investigation.
(pg.37-38 - SASC Report)
19:
JTF-170 (Beaver) indicates leaning against stress positions
28:
JPRA Creates "Plan of Instruction" for September
16 training.
(pg.44 - SASC Report)
[SUMMER 2002]:
GTMO requests JPRA assistance developing a program based
on [REDACTED] plan.
(pg.38 - SASC Report)
GTMO gets increased pressure from command and DoD (Wolfowitz)
{possible instructions to ask about Iraq links?}
(pg.41 - SASC Report)
SEP 2002:
[??]:
4 Day training for GTMO personnel at Ft. Bragg. Hosted
by U.S. Army Special Operations Command (USASOC) Psychological Applications
Directorate Chief LTC Morgan Banks (likely sept 16. training).
(pg.142 - SASC Report)
5:
JFCOM Notified of upcoming training on the 16th (But only
for Army).
(pg.43 - SASC Report)
10:
Custer submits finding from GTMO intelligence operation
to Joint Chiefs. Notes (and protests) the coined phrase "Battle Lab".
(pg.42-43 - SASC Report)
16:
BCST, CIA, JTF-170, Army personnel trained by JPRA at
Ft. Bragg (Followup to Jul. Request). Complain of limits (including wanting
longer interrogation times). (likely 4 day training hosted by USASOC)
(pg.43 - SASC Report)
19:
FBI End lead of interrogation in Mohammed al Khatani questioning
as JTF-170 proposes more harsh plan.
(pg.58 - SASC Report)
23:
FBI (CITF) Protests JTF-170 interrogation plan for Mohammed
al Khatani
(pg.58 - SASC Report)
25:
Gonzolez, Addington, Haynes, Chertoff, Rizzo & others
visit GTMO review intelligence operation. Opines Commanders should have leeway
to authorize techniques (remove Koran) per Pres. order.
(pg.49 - SASC Report)
Oct 2002:
2:
Email from SERE psychologist LTC Morgan Banks to GTMO (Paul
Burney) & [???] warning SERE techniques are different when used on detainees
(pg.5 - SASC Report)
GTMO Behavioral Science Consultation Team (BSCT) memo
written upon their return from the JPRA training at Fort Bragg. Define the levels
of interrogation (I, II, III) used in future interrogation discussions.
(pg.50-52 - SASC Report)
(pg.68 - SASC Report)
CIA lawyer Jonathan Fredman has discussion with GTMO
staff about "effective" techniques (phobias,dripping towel).
(pg.62 - SASC Report)
Jonathan Fredman meets with DoD officials at GTMO; stated
that the "CIA rallied" for the Conventions not to apply.
(pg.3 - SASC Report)
(pg.53-56 - SASC Report)
JTF-170 Takes over interrogation of Khatani at GTMO.
(pg.60 - SASC Report)
5:
JTF-170 uses Dogs used in interrogation of Khatani at
GTMO.
(pg.60 - SASC Report)
8:
FBI describes unsuccessful sleep/sensory depravation on
Khatani at GTMO.
(pg.60 - SASC Report)
SMT-TF assessment team arrives at GTMO from Afghanistan.
(pg.149 - SASC Report)
10:
JTF-170 ends sleep/sensory depravation on Khatani at GTMO,
returns to brig, interrogation unsuccessful.
(pg.60 - SASC Report)
SMT-TF assessment team leaves GTMO.
(pg.149 - SASC Report)
11:
LTC Phifer submitted a memorandum to JTF-170 Commander
MG Dunlavey requesting approval to use "counter-resistance" interrogation
techniques based on Oct 2 BCST memo. Went up chain of command to General Hill.
(pg.61-62 - SASC Report)
(pg.38 - SASC Report)
Lt. Beaver submits Legal Review of Aggressive Interrogation
Techniques as cover to Phifer memo. Recommends permission or immunity in advance
from the convening authority.
(pg.63-65 - SASC Report)
Afghanistan SMU-TF issues
memo covering GTMO trip recommends JPRA mobile training unit.
(pg.149 - SASC Report)
Photograph of Abu Zubaydah interrogation taken (still
classified).
(Vaughn Index 2)
16:
JPRA Drafts a new plan to train GTMO personnel in Oct.
11 requested techniques.
(pg.72 - SASC Report)
25:
General Hill submits Phifer request to Richard Myers with
request for DoJ / DoD review of Oct. 11 request.
(pg.66 - SASC Report)
26:
Afghanistan SMU-TF submits proposal to commander for proposed
interrogation techniques based on JPRA training.
(pg.150 - SASC Report)
27:
Afghanistan SMU-TF commander produces memo proposing SMU-TF
handle own interrogations separate from CJTF-180.
(pg.150-151 - SASC Report)
28:
CITF (Mark Fallon) email to Legal Counsel (Sam McCahon)
re Oct 2. GTMO DoD/Freedman meeting minutes; concerned about language.
(pg.57 - SASC Report)
29:
Draft order circulated regarding training at GTMO for
Oct 11 techniques.
(pg.73 - SASC Report)
30:
Joint Staff J5 requests comments on JTF-7 GTMO request
from Armed Services
(pg.67 - SASC Report)
Nov 2002:
[??]:
BSCT-GTMO SOP Established
(pg.39 - SASC Report)
1:
Air force sends response
to JTF-7 request expressing concerns about legality, and admissibility of information
received. Suggested more in-depth review.
(pg.67 - SASC Report)
SMU TF Staff Judge Advocate (SJA) analyzed legal authorities
and constraints relevant to SMU TF personnel's participation in interrogations
[at UNDISCLOSED SITE] expresses some concerns.
(pg.152 - SASC Report)
3:
Afghanistan SMU-TF produce CONOP presentation detailing
exploitation plan.
Afghanistan SMU-TF produce "Decision Briefing" for JCTF-180 approval
to build own facility.
(pg.151 - SASC Report)
4:
Marines send memo to Joint Chiefs indicating immunity
is unrealistic under UCMJ. Disagrees with many techniques and legal analysis.
(pg.64 - SASC Report)
(pg.68 - SASC Report)
Navy responds to JTF-7 indicating there should be a more
detailed review across all branches.
(pg.67 - SASC Report)
CITF responds to JTF-7 proposed techniques expresses
serious concerns.
(pg.69 - SASC Report)
7:
Army responds to JTF-7 proposed techniques expresses serious
concerns, asks for a legal review.
(pg.68 - SASC Report)
[??]:
Dalton directs staff to arrange video conference with
DIA, SOUTHCOM, Joint Chiefs, GTMO, Huachuca to review Armed Services concerns
with Oct 11 GTMO request. Haynes tells her to shut down analysis.
(pg.70-71 - SASC Report)
[??]:
Miller takes command of GTMO.
(pg.73 - SASC Report)
12:
Miller approves all Category I & II aggressive interrogation
techniques for Khatani at GTMO.
Phifer issues 4 page interrogation plan to Miller verifying the approval.
(pg.75 - SASC Report)
[UNKNOWN] Agency approved for training. Training conducted
"Mid November" in aggressive interrogation including Waterboarding.
(pg.91-94 - SASC Report)
13:
Khatani Nov. 12 plan is emailed to GTMO interrogators.
Proposed start date is Nov. 15.
(pg.76-78 - SASC Report)
14:
GTMO SJA Beaver issues email to CTIF stating "NSC
has weighed in and stated that intel on this guy is utmost matter of national
security.. We are driving forward with support of SOUTHCOM. Not sure anything
else needs to be said."
(pg.76 - SASC Report)
CTIF Commander COL Mallow objects to Nov 12 plan.
(pg.78 - SASC Report)
15:
CTIF Commander COL Mallow objects to Nov 12 plan.
(pg.78 - SASC Report)
Miller places Khatani interrogation on hold to review
CTIF (Mallow) objections.
(pg.79 - SASC Report)
20:
FBI, CTIF meet with JTF-GITMO staff to discuss mutually
agreeable plan for Khatani interrogation.
(pg.79 - SASC Report)
21:
Video Conference with Miller, Phifer, CTIF, FBI, SOUTHCOM,
DoD General Council to discuss Khatani interrogation.
CTIF, FBI present Miller with alternative plan.
(pg.79 - SASC Report)
22:
NCIS psychologist, Michael Gells drafts formal review
of Khatani interrogation plan expressed concerns counterproductive.
(pg.79 - SASC Report)
Revised Khatani interrogation plan created and proposed
to Miller.
(pg.80-84 - SASC Report)
FBI Sends memo to Miller protesting plan.
(pg.84 - SASC Report)
23:
Miller approves Nov. 22 Khatani interrogation plan, and
authorizes start.
(pg.85 - SASC Report)
CITF Informs GTMO SJA Beaver that CTIF staff would "stand
clear" of interrogation.
(pg.88 - SASC Report)
Aggressive interrogation of Khatani begins (continues
to Jan 16, 2003). Is subject to 20 hour interrogations, forced to do dog tricks,
doused with water (poured water over head), menaced with working dogs.
(pg.87 - SASC Report)
(pg.135-136 - SASC Report)
27:
Haynes recommends SecDef approves SOUTHCOM blanket use
of most of the techniques from Oct. 11 JTF-7 GTIMO request. Asserts all requested
techniques are legal, but not warranted for blanket authorization.
(pg.94 - SASC Report)
Dec 2002:
2:
SecDef approves all techniques recommended in Nov 27.
Haynes memo including dogs, stress (forced workouts), nakedness at GTMO (famous
"why only 4 hrs. of standing").
(pg.208 - SASC Report)
FBI Agent (attorney) does analysis of Oct. 11 JTF-7 GTMO
plan and concludes illegal - sends to FBI OGC Marion Bowman.
(pg.85 - SASC Report)
3:
Bowman responds to FBI concerns that agents should stand
clear and collect information
(pg.85 - SASC Report)
5:
Miller meets with FBI to hear concerns, prefers JTF-7
techniques
(pg.87 - SASC Report)
14:
GTMO DI Phifer presents new SERE based SOP to CITF agent,
includes removal of clothing, stress, physical contact, hoods, etc.
(pg.97 - SASC Report)
LTC Beaver makes recommendations for SOP changes to Phifer.
(pg.99 - SASC Report)
16:
BSCT psychiatrist Paul Burney warns of proper training
and possible unwanted effects.
(pg.100 - SASC Report)
17:
Pfifer leaves position at GTMO replaced by Col. Sanders
(JIG). Sanders inherits SOP final draft.
(pg.100 - SASC Report)
Navy CG Mora is informed of objections in CITF.
(pg.106 - SASC Report)
18:
Second draft of GTMO interrogation SOP issued with Sanders
& Moss signature blocks (neither signed?).
(pg.97-99 - SASC Report)
Mora meets with NCIS psychologist Gelles who provides
interrogation logs indicating abuse and with Army GC and is shown Oct. 11 2002
request and Dec. 2 2002 SecDef authorization.
(pg.106 - SASC Report)
19:
Mora briefs Navy Secretary on NCIS abuse reports and gets
authorization to contact Haynes. Extensively briefs Haynes on the problems and
warned that some techniques were torture, advised suspension of authorization.
(pg.106 - SASC Report)
30:
SERE Specialists Rankin & Ross arrive in GTMO to provide
training. Authorized by directive of SecDef. Instructors were provided Dec.
18 Draft SOP.
(pg.103 - SASC Report)
31:
SERE Specialists begin training for personnel at GTMO.
(pg.103-104 - SASC Report)
Jan 2003:
3:
SERE training ends at GTMO - concerns expressed about
implementation commander expresses concerns.
(pg.105 - SASC Report)
6:
NCIS Director informs Mora Dec. 2 interrogation authorization
is still in effect at GTMO.
(pg.107 - SASC Report)
8:
Mora meets with assistant to Wolfowitz and assistant Rumsfeld
expressing concerns again.
(pg.107 - SASC Report)
9:
Mora meets with Haynes and presents Gallotta report summarized
and attached comments that the military Services had submitted in November 2002
in response to the Joint Staff request.
Mora also meets with CAPT Jane Dalton, the Service
General Counsels and senior Judge Advocates General, Army General Counsel Steven
MoreUo, Air Force General Counsel Mary Walker, and the DoD Principal Deputy
General Counsel Daniel Del'Orto.
(pg.107 - SASC Report)
CIA Attorney makes 5 page memo related to interrogation
video tapes.
(Vaughn Index)
10:
Afghanistan SMU-TF Commander approves SOP for TF interrogations
based on the SecDef Dec 2 authorizations. Seeks authorization for Cat II techniques.
(pg.153 - SASC Report)
15:
Mora delivers draft memo to Haynes declaring the techniques
authorized in Dec. 2 were torture. Threatens to sign if Rumsfeld doesn't repeal
Dec. 2 authorizations.
(pg.107 - SASC Report)
Rumsfeld issues memo rescinding blanket approval of Category
II & III techniques.
(pg.108 - SASC Report)
Haynes requests OLC craft another opinion on interrogation
techniques.
(pg.118 - SASC Report)
16:
Aggressive interrogation of Khatani ends.
(pg.87 - SASC Report)
Aggressive interrogation plan for (?)Mohamadou Walid
Slahi created based on the interrogation of Khatani. (Submitted in July 2003)
(pg.135 - SASC Report)
17:
Memo, Methods Employed X-Ray Interrogation ISN 63 produced
detailing interrogation of of Khatani.
(pg.88-91 - SASC Report)
Haynes directs the creation of "Detainee Interrogation
Working Group" Under Sec Def, DIA, GC/JAG Army, Navy Air force, marines,
Joint Staff Council / J5.
(pg.110 - SASC Report)
23:
Detainee Working Group has first meeting task DIA's Becker
with determining techniques in use. Briefed by the OLC.
(pg.110 - SASC Report)
21:
Miller responds to Working Group with 9 "essential"
techniques (including false reports/documents). Also includes modified version
of Jan 17. Khatani interrogation description memo.
(pg.113 - SASC Report)
24:
CJTF-180 SJA approves dogs, stress, clothing removal,
etc. in Afghanistan
(pg.208 - SASC Report)
CENTCOM (Cotell) issues report describing "current
and past" interrogation techniques used by CJTF-180 to Working Group and
SecDef - based on Dec 2 (Oct 11) techniques (JPRA/SERE training techniques).
Indicates that unless other guidance is provided will continue to assume it's
legal to employ listed techniques.
(pg.115 - SASC Report)
(pg.155-156 - SASC Report)
[??]:
Becker provides Working Group list of 36 techniques (including
waterboard, drugs, female interrogators, Sleep Deprivation)
(pg.111-113 - SASC Report)
25:
Working group floats a draft legal analysis. Provides
to Haynes and OLC. Calls into question (or rejects) most Category II & all
Category III techniques.
(pg.118-119 - SASC Report)
27:
Draft OLC opinion presented to Working Group as "controlling
authority for all questions of domestic and international law". Working
group told to disregard the Jan 25 legal analysis and only consider OLC opinion.
(pg.119 - SASC Report)
30:
Working Group requests information from JPRA regarding
what techniques they had trained forces on, they refused to provide the information.
(pg.116-117 - SASC Report)
Feb 2003:
4:
Draft "Final" Working group report. Recommends
36 techniques, plus 4 questionable ones.
(pg.122-126 - SASC Report)
5:
Maj Gen Jack Rives to Mary Walker Expressing concerns
over Working Group Feb. 4 draft (notably silent on UCMJ, civilian/international
liability, etc.).
(pg.126-127 - SASC Report)
12:
SOUTHCOM LTC Beaver sends email pressing for 20 hour interrogations
and isolation.
(pg.128-129 - SASC Report)
[??]:
Afghanistan SMU-TF starts using dogs.
15:
SOUTHCOM LTC Beaver followed up pressing for techniques
- indicates a Feb 19 approval promise.
(pg.129 - SASC Report)
27:
Brig Gen Kevin Sandkuhler memo to Mary Walker Expressing
concerns over Working Group Feb. 4 draft (notably silent on UCMJ, etc.).
(pg.126-127 - SASC Report)
Mar 2003:
6:
Detainee Working Group circulates Final recommendation.
Recommends authorization of 36 techniques and lists but does not recommend 3
additional.
(pg.128 - SASC Report)
10:
Email from Col James Walker to Daniel Ramos wanting Working
Group report to indicate authors were forced to accept OLC opinion and didn't
necessarily agree with "Yoo".
(pg.128 - SASC Report)
11:
Meeting with Rumsfeld, Haynes, (SOUTHCOM) Hill, and (Joint
Chiefs) Myers. Myers raises concerns some might techniques be illegal combined.
SOUTHCOM promises a report on his desk by Mar 20.
(pg.129 - SASC Report)
12:
SOUTHCOM LTC Beaver notified of the Mar. 11 meeting.
14:
OLC "Yoo" Memo is finalized. (Was used as "controlling
authority" for detainee group's legal Analysis which was finalized on Mar
6th).
(pg.119-122 - SASC Report)
20:
War in Iraq begins forces under control of Coalition Forces
Land Component Command (CFLCC).
(pg.157 - SASC Report)
SMU-TF deployed to Iraq with interrogation SOP identical
to Feb 2002 Afghanistan SMU-TF SOP.
(pg.158-159 - SASC Report)
21:
Hill issues memo to Myers listing 9 essential techniques
for SOUTHCOM.
(pg.129 - SASC Report)
Myers issues a memo stating He and Miller agree all 36
identified and the additional 3 should be viewed as "critical"
(pg.129 - SASC Report)
28:
Rumsfeld meets with Wolfowitz, Haynes, Myers, Cambone,
Feith & Billingslea to discuss techniques being considered by Working Group.
Authorizes 24 techniques explicitly. Additional techniques on case by case basis.
(pg.130 - SASC Report)
31:
Joint Chiefs briefed on Rumsfeld's Mar 28 decision.
(pg.131 - SASC Report)
Apr 2003:
[??]:
"Physical Training" of detainees begins (maybe
late March) at GTMO.
(pg.132 - SASC Report)
2:
Joint Chiefs council (Dalton) alerts CENTCOM of CIA concerns
over aggressive interrogation; requests list of CENTCOM approved techniques.
4:
Detainee Working Group final version created. Not circulated
to dissenters.
(pg.131 - SASC Report)
5:
Myers requests 24 techniques from Working Group recommendations
to Dep. Ass. SecDef Billingslea.
(pg.131 - SASC Report)
9:
Khatani provides actionable intelligence (3 months after
harsh techniques stopped?).
(pg.109 - SASC Report)
10:
SecDef Billingslea sends memo to Sec Def and recommends
he approve all 35 techniques recommended by working group.
(pg.131 - SASC Report)
11:
CENTCOM (deLong) sends email asking for Pace's help getting
approval for Jan 24 requested techniques.
(pg.156 - SASC Report)
16:
SecDef authorizes commander to use 24 techniques, and
the ability to request any of the Working Group's recommended as needed.
(pg.132 - SASC Report)
17:
Female interrogator sits on detainee's lap as part of
interrogation.
(pg.133 - SASC Report)
19:
Miller provides Khatani report to SOUTHCOM
(pg.109 - SASC Report)
May 2003:
2:
Miller instructs JIG stop the use of "Fear Up Harsh"
until retraining.
(pg.133 - SASC Report)
[mid?]:
Ronald Burgess informs Miller to expect a request to
assist HUMINT in Iraq
(pg.189 - SASC Report)
15:
CJTF 7 Takes over control from CFLCC, Sanchez asks for
assistance with intel exploitation. CFLCC withdraws forces. Pappas indicates
may need techniques help.
(pg.164-165 - SASC Report)
(pg.189 - SASC Report)
Jun 2003:
[First Wk]:
ISG Becomes aware of Iraq SMU-TF aggressive interrogations.
(pg.162 - SASC Report)
8:
[REDACTED] sends CENTCOM list of SMU-TF interrogation
techniques from Iraq and Afghanistan.
(pg.159 - SASC Report)
10:
CENTCOM Deputy Commander, LTG Delong, sent message to
Joint Staff Director Casey r.e. SMU-TF stating "I have confirmed that the
military interrogations at both [the SMU TF facility in Iraq (Nama)] and Bagrarn
are conducted using doctrinally appropriate techniques in accordance with [Army
Field Manual] 34-52 and SECDEF direction."
(pg.159 - SASC Report)
[Summer 2003]
Continued ISG reports (from Cropper) of detainees with
abuse from Iraq SMU-TF. Continues through the fall.
(pg.163 - SASC Report)
Iraq SMU-TF calls Moulton to request JPRA assistance
with training.
(pg.170 - SASC Report)
July 2003:
1:
Miller submits Salashi interrogation plan to SOUTHCOM
based on Jan 16 draft. (Interrogation begins?)
(pg.136-138 - SASC Report)
6:
Enhanced interrogation of Salashi Begins (Phase II) {NOTE:
The interrogation plan calls for 3-5 days of standard, then an increase. This
is the day long interrogations started making the 1st a likely date for interrogation
to start}
(pg.139 - SASC Report)
15:
First post-invasion SOP drafted for SMU-TF in Iraq. Includes
20 hour sessions, dogs, isolation, stress, sensory overload. Commander refused
to sign orders, but implemented the policies.
(pg.160 - SASC Report)
[Mid]:
205th MI interrogation team dispatches to prepare Abu
Ghraib for operation "Operation Victory Bounty"
(pg.165 - SASC Report)
18:
SOUTHCOM Gen Hill forwards Salashi interrogation request
to SecDef.
(pg.138 - SASC Report)
24:
Marshall Billingslea issues memo recommending Salashi
interrogation request be approved.
(pg.138 - SASC Report)
26:
Wood submits interrogation plan for Abu Ghraib based on
Iraq SMU-TF program to CJTF-7 command. Proposes harsh treatment limited for
EPWs; but also indicates no EPWs at Abu Ghraib to her knowledge.
(pg.167 - SASC Report)
28:
Wolfowitz approves Salashi interrogation plan.
(pg.138 - SASC Report)
Aug 2003:
2:
Salashi GTMO interrogation increased (threats of rendition,
to family, increased pressures, etc.).
(pg.139 - SASC Report)
4:
Carolyn Wood assumes OIC interrogation duties for 205th
MI (519th Battalion) at Abu Ghraib.
(pg.165 - SASC Report)
7:
Salashi agrees to cooperate at GTMO (Reports indicate
cooperative throughout Aug-Oct).
(pg.139 - SASC Report)
13:
Rumsfeld approves Salashi enhanced interrogation plan.
(pg.138 - SASC Report)
Miller sends email to Wolfowitz indicating interrogation
plan for [REDACTED (class of detainee / military group?)] is complete.
(pg.142 - SASC Report)
14:
CJTF-7 sends out request for interrogation "wish
list" to subordinate commands (205th MI/519th MI, etc.).
(pg.168 - SASC Report)
21:
Salashi placed into sensory depravation at GTMO. Reports
indicate that despite cooperating, full Jul. 1 2003 interrogation plan was being
implemented.
(pg.139 - SASC Report)
25:
SMU-TF in Iraq formally requests a JPRA "interrogation
team." for 3 weeks to assist with interrogations.
(pg.170 - SASC Report)
27:
CPT Wood 519th MI at Abu Ghraib resubmits interrogation
plan to CJTF-7 based on one submitted Jul. 26. Adds sensory deprivation.
(pg.169 - SASC Report)
JPRA received written approval from JFCOM to support
the SMU TF Iraq request for support.
(pg.171 - SASC Report)
29:
CJTF-7 lawyers meet with CPT Wood 519th MI at Abu Ghraib
to inform they approve plan and are sending it up the chain of command.
(pg.170 - SASC Report)
31:
GTMO commander Miller trip to Iraq starts
(pg.189 - SASC Report)
Sept 2003:
1:
Miller meets with Sanchez and Fast (Ack. Geneva?)
(pg.189 - SASC Report)
Originally scheduled deployment of JPRA support team
to Iraq SMU-TF.
(pg.171 - SASC Report)
2?:
Miller, Sercy, Beaver visit Cropper
(pg.191-193 - SASC Report)
3:
Col, Moulton contacts Centcom re expanded JPRA mission?
(pg.186/187{footnotes} - SASC Report)
[4-10]:
Miller adds Nama (SMU-TF) to itenery tries to schedule
initially "no"
Miller visits Nama (SMU-TF) for 45 minutes. Not allowed to see SOP, recommends
"interrogation authorities" (commander later won't sign)
(193 - SASC Report)
[4-10]:
Miller Visits Victory
(194 - SASC Report)
Beaver meets with SMU-TF Legal advisor who expresses concerns
"punching,choking,beating"; tried to report; "risking life"
with meeting.
(193/194 - SASC Report)
[4-10]:
Miller Visits Abu Ghraib
(194-197 - SASC Report)
Recommends Sanchez draft formal rules modeled after SecDef
April 16, 2003 guidance (with Geneva limit - for POWs).
(197 - SASC Report)
4:
JPRA team arrives in Iraq for 3 week mission to support
SMU-TF.
(172 - SASC Report)
Start of email conversation between Moulton, LTG Wagner,
and RADM Byrd about JPRA mission creep and "offensive" deployment.
(Emails on 4th, 6th, 8th, and 9th).
(173 - SASC Report)
5:
JPRA Iraq SMU-TF training team briefed and informed to
request modified ROEs to allow participation in Interrogations. Approved to
participate and employ full range of SERE school physical pressures.
(174 - SASC Report)
6:
Moulton approved JPRA team participation in Iraq SMU-TF
training. JPRA participates in first interrogations. (NOTE: Description of interrogation
matches several public descriptions of Camp Nama run by JSOC under several aliases)
(174-176 - SASC Report)
JPRA participation in interrogations begins. There is
much disagreement in the team with Lt Col Steven Kleinman stopping several interrogations,
Russel disagrees with his decisions.
(177-183 - SASC Report)
10:
Miller trip to Iraq ends
(pg.189 - SASC Report)
11?:
Miller writes staff report on Iraq trip and briefs Wolfowitz
(Cambone?)
(pg.199 - SASC Report)
14:
Sanchez issues first formal interrogation SOP - "requires
Geneva limits" for EPWs(POW), but asserts most prisoners do not have this
status.
CENTCOM notified policy will be implemented immediately unless otherwise directed
(indicates policy is reigning in behavior).
{{FM 34-52 left the "universe of approaches to the imagination of the interrogator"
and demanded additional structure}}
(pg.200/201 - SASC Report)
Interrogation policy goes into effect at Abu Ghraib (and
rest of CJTF-7?)
(pg.200/202 - SASC Report)
15:
COL Warren (CJTF-7 SJA) sent a copy of CJTF-7 policy to
CENTCOM SJA Col. Pribble and deputy William Hammill.
(pg.203 - SASC Report)
16:
CIA Director briefs SoS and SecDef on CIA interrogation
techniques pursuant to a request from the National Security Adviser.
(pg.7 - SSCI OLC Opinion)
17:
Ricci (Chief of International Law at CENTCOM) responds
to CJTF-7 policy, concerned about going beyond field manual for EPW prisoners.
Indicates non-EPWs don't need SecDef approval.
Ricci calls Warren who agreed to rework policy(to put limits on EPWs?).
(pg.203-4 - SASC Report)
22:
JPRA Pulls Lt Col Kleinman and Mr. Miller from SMU-TF
training mission in Iraq. (Severe friction)
(pg.186 - SASC Report)
23:
JPRA creates CONOP for Iraq detainee exploitation, sent
to JFCOM; requested from [SMU-TF Commander?] (JPRA personnel considered the
Working Group report authoritative guidance on U.S. policy and law).
(pg.184-5 - SASC Report)
JPRA Pulls Russel from SMU-TF training mission Iraq. (Severe friction)
(pg.186 - SASC Report)
26:
Email to Col Moulton; Capt.
Donavan comments on "SMU-TF" warning against using WG as "authoritative
WG guidance"
(pg.187 - SASC Report)
[29ish] :
(days after 26th) CAPT Donovan raised his concerns about
the SMU-TF CONOP to LTG Wagner, JFCOM's Deputy Commander, and Maj Gen James
Soligan, JFCOM's Chief of Staff, in anticipation of a scheduled visit by the
two to JPRA
(pg.188 - SASC Report)
Oct 2003
3:
CITF Reissues Order for Agents to "Stand Clear"
of Aggressive Interrogations.
(pg.143 - SASC Report)
email from GTMO's ICE Operations Officer described interrogating
a detainee for 15 hours, allowing him 5 hours of uninterrupted rest in his cell
and then moving the detainee to a new cell every half hour until the 24 hour
period expired.
(pg.148 - SASC Report)
12:
Sanchez issues revised CJTF interrogation policy where
explicitly approved treatment limited to army, interrogator could approve more
harsh techniques (for non EPWs?) with 9 examples.
(pg.204-206 - SASC Report)
CJSOTF-AP secret interrogation policy interrupted. Possible additional policy
created for CJSOTF-AP (or may have been subject to basic CJTF policy?)
(pg.220 - SASC Report)
16:
Iraq SMU-TF "New commander" [McChrystal?] officially
takes command - Note "new commander" mentioned in JPRA reports.
(pg.206 - SASC Report)
17:
Salashi reports "hearing voices" after prolonged
sensory deprivation at GTMO.
(pg.140 - SASC Report)
25:
SMU-TF issues independent SOP (Unreleased) with extended
approved techniques
(pg.206/7 - SASC Report)
Nov 2003:
[??] Harrington commissioned to look at operation in iraq.
(pg.217 - SASC Report)
13:
GTMO (Miller) requests authority from SOUTHCOM to use
"Sound Modulation" and other [SECRET] methods on [SECRET individual
or class]. (seems to match class mentioned in Aug 13. memo).
(pg.142 - SASC Report)
GTMO (Miller) requests authority from SOUTHCOM for two
interrogation plans to be carried out on specific individuals based on Salashi/Khatani
plans.
(pg.143 - SASC Report)
19:
Hill sends GTMO plans ??,#3,#4 to SecDef requesting approval.
Tom O'Connel (Asst Sec Def) recommends approval.
(pg.146 - SASC Report)
20:
Dog teams arrive in Iraq
(pg.208 - SASC Report)
24:
First reported use of dogs at Abu Ghraib.
(pg.208 - SASC Report)
Dec 2003:
9:
Harrington meets with Fast over Abu Ghraib
(pg.217/218 - SASC Report)
[??]:
Harrington returns from Iraq, debriefs Keith Alexander,
the Army G2, and his deputy Terry Ford; Issues report
(pg.217/218 - SASC Report)
19:
Dogs prohibited from interrogation at Abu Ghraib
(pg.208 - SASC Report)
27:
[Unknown, JSOC/SMU-TF] commander issues interrogation
policy for [Unknown, JSOC/SMU-TF?] forces based on Sept 14. CJTF-7 policy. Gives
authority for some approvals to [Unknown, JSOC/SMU-TF] commander/deputy commander.
(pg.220 - SASC Report)
31:
Principal Deputy DoD General Counsel, Daniel Dell'Orto
approves Nov 13, 2003 GTMO interrogation plans.
(pg.146 - SASC Report)
Latest date Hanyes can claim not having been notified
Goldsmith retracting March 14 2003 Yoo memo (could have seen as early as Dec.
25). Indicated need to get additional guidance to go beyond Sec Def. April 2003
memo.
(pg.146 - SASC Report)
[Early 2004]:
CJTF Taskforce investigates Herrington report and concludes
"can't recreate conversations" - no problems
(pg.219 - SASC Report)
Jan 2004
[??]:
Iraq SMU-TF commander discusses removal of clothing, affirms
use.
(pg.161 - SASC Report)
2:
Joint Chiefs GEN Myers approves Nov 13, 2003 GTMO interrogation
plans.
(pg.146 - SASC Report)
Feb 2004
27:
CJSOTF-AP [REDACTED] commander issues policy for [REDACTED]
to use techniques based on Sep. 14, 2003 JCTF-7 policy. Dogs, Stress, Environment,
Noise, Light. Required JCTF-7 commander approval for EPWs; non-EPW required
only [REDACTED] commander or deputy approval.
(pg.220 - SASC Report)
Mar 2004
18:
Salashi prosecutor LtCol Stuart Couch protests interrogation
methods used to collect evidence and refuses to participate in prosecution.
(pg.141 - SASC Report)
23:
Secret memo issued having to do with cautions implementing
Feb 27 [REDACTED] interrogation policy memo.
(pg.220 - SASC Report)
26:
Unified interrogation policy set for SMU-TF in both Iraq
and Afghanistan authorizing harsh techniques
(pg.222 - SASC Report)
Memo for record documenting "Frequent Flier"
and other harsh tactics in use (location unknown?).
(pg.147 - SASC Report)
27:
SOP issued for CJTF-180 in afghanistan authorizing harsh
techniques
(pg.221 - SASC Report)
April 2004:
7:
Harrington notified his SMU-TF concerns were unsubstantiated
(pg.219 - SASC Report)
22:
Use of dogs rescinded from Mar 2004 SMU-TF authorized
SOP
(pg.222 - SASC Report)
May 2004
[early?]:
IG JPRA mission Report Initiated (Narrow: did events reported
by Kaufman reSMU-TF flow up chain of command)
(pg.188 - SASC Report)
[??]:
CIA IG completes report on detainee interrogation for
ultimate release to SSIC
(pg.7 - SSCI OLC Opinion)
[??]:
CIA GC meets re CIA interrogation and IG review with Counsel
to President, Counsel to VP, NSC Legal Adviser, and senior Department of Justice
officials.
(pg.8 - SSCI OLC Opinion)
6:
John Abizaid, the CENTCOM Commander, suspended use of
all non-FM 34-52 techniques.
(pg.222 - SASC Report)
12:
CENTCOM requests JPRA training in Afghanistan floats initial
CONOP
(pg.225 - SASC Report)
13:
Revised CONOP for proposed JPRA training, concerns expressed
over mission
(pg.227 - SASC Report)
13:
JPRA Mission to Afghanistan called off
23:
SMU-TF issues memo to [Unknown] demanding suspended techniques
be re-approved.
(pg.223 - SASC Report)
27:
[Unknown] requests authority for SMU-TF to use extended
techniques.
(pg.223 - SASC Report)
Jun 2004
[??]:
CIA IG Releases report on detainee interrogation to SSIC
(pg.7 - SSCI OLC Opinion)
3:
Hill has press conference acknowledging SERE influence.
(pg.66 - SASC Report)
4:
Abizaid approved the use of some techniques for SMU-TF
(pg.222 - SASC Report)
[??]:
Aug 1, 2002 Bybee I memo rescinded, Bybee II memo still
in place.
(pg.8 - SSCI OLC Opinion)
20:
CENTCOM makes second request for JPRA mission to Afghanistan.
(pg.228 - SASC Report)
30:
JPRA training team told to stand by for deployment to
Afghanistan.
(pg.229 - SASC Report)
Jul 2004
12:
Flurry of emails leading to final cancellation of JPRA
training mission to Afghanistan.
(pg.229-30 - SASC Report)
14:
Associate Deputy Attorney General provides written testimony
to SSIC explaining limitations, and "not yet convicted" explanation.
(pg.9 - SSCI OLC Opinion)
21-26:
JPRA Brass starts work on "offensive" deployment
policy.
(pg.230 - SASC Report)
22:
OLC confirms to CIA that all techniques (including "limited"
waterboarding) authorized by Aug 1, 2002 BybeeII memo were legal.
(pg.9 - SSCI OLC Opinion)
Sep 2004
29:
JFCOM issues formal guidance memo on JPRA "offensive"
deployment
(pg.231 - SASC Report)
Dec 2004
30:
OLC issues opinion indicating differences with BybeeI,
but that they affirmed the legality of the techniques approved in the Aug 1,
2002 memo.
(pg.10 - SSCI OLC Opinion)
Feb 2005
1:
DoJ responds to Arlen Specter about Bybee II - says the
conclude CIA's proposed program was legal.
(pg.??? - SASC Report)
May 2005
[??]:
OLC Issues three secret memos assessing specific techniques
used by the CIA.
(pg.10-13 - SSCI OLC Opinion)
Sep 2005
23:
IG JPRA mission Report complete - Though some verbal events
did flow up chain of command
(pg.189 - SASC Report)
Dec 2005:
30:
Detainee treatment act goes into effect.
(pg.13 - SSCI OLC Opinion)
Jun 2006:
29:
Hamden v. Rumsfeld holds Geneva applies to Al Quaeda.
(pg.13 - SSCI OLC Opinion)
Aug 2006:
[??]
OLC issues 2 secret opinions re CIA program in relation
to Geneva and the Detainee Treatment Act.
(pg.13 - SSCI OLC Opinion)
Sep 2006:
6:
Bush publicly discloses CIA detention/interrogation program.
(pg.14 - SSCI OLC Opinion)
Oct 2006:
[17]:
Congress passes and Bush signs Military Commissions Act.
(pg.14 - SSCI OLC Opinion)
Jul 2007:
[20]:
Bush issues executive order 13440 and and OLC opinion
interpreting DTA, Geneva, etc. Concludes the purpose of legislation was to approve
CIA techniques.
(pg.14-15 - SSCI OLC Opinion)
May 2008
19:
CIA provides SSCI with access to all OLC opinions.
(preface - SSCI OLC Opinion)
Jul 2008
24:
Heavily redacted Bybee II
memo released. Yoo indicates applies to more than single case.
(pg.34 - SASC Report)
(SASC Report)
Senate
ASC, Inquiry Into the Treatment of Detainees in U.S. Custody,
Nov 20 2008
(.pdf 15.21MB)
(Vaughn Index 1/2 via. Empty Wheel )
DOD
Vaughn Index 1 (.pdf)
DOD
Vaughn Index 2 (.pdf)
(SSCI OLC Opinion)
Senate Select Comittee
on Intelligence (.pdf),
(Yoo Army Torture Memo)
Memo from John Yoo R.E. Military Interrogation of Combatants Held Outside the US,